And john f



(No Model.)

A. W. PAULL & J. F. MILLER.

MANUPAGTURE 0F LAMP 0R LANTBRN GLOBES, GHIMNEYS, &o.f

Patented 1111111.12382.

l' Unirse I Aras .traur- ARCHIBALD W. PAULL, OF VHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA, AND JOHN F. MILLER, OF MARTINS FERRY, OHIO.

MNUFCTURE OF'LAMP OR LANTERN GLOBES, CHIMNEYS, 86C.

t SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 256,158, dated April 11, 1882.

Application iilcd January 19, 1882.

ot' iVheeling, Ohio county. and State of West Virginia, and JOHN F. MILLER. ot Martns Ferry, county of Belmont, and State ot Ohio, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in thc Manufacture ot' Lamp or Lantern Globes, Chimneys, &c., of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters ot' reference marked thereon. c

Our invention has relation to the manufacture ot'globes, chimneys, shades, reflectors, and similar articles intended to surround the dame or light of any illuminating apparatus-such as -lamps, lanterns, head-lights, gas-burners, vapor-burners, electric lights, &c.

The object of our invention is to produce such articles with a lens or with lenses, formin ga part thereof', for the purpose of more et'- fcctively concentrating or otherwise controlling the light upon the same principles and for like purposes as separate lenses have been heretofore used-as, for instance, like the wellknown bulls-eye lens in the common vdarklantern;7 in the light-house lamp, 85o.

Heretofore it has been proposed to swell or bulge or enlargea portion ot' the globe or chimney to form a lens thereon. This does not at'- fcrd the desired refraction and concentration of the light, for it leaves the so-called lens part of the globe or chimney of substantially uniform thickness throughout, and that only about the thickness of the walls of the chimney or globe. The lenses so formed are of no practical use for the purposes intended. We overcome these vdefects and produce a chimney or globe, Src., having a reliable, practical, and efficient lens ot' proper construction, forming a part of the article or madeintegral therewith 5 and to accomplish this our invention involves certain novel and useful improvements in the manufacture and in the means employed to carry them out, as will be herein lirst fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

To illustrate our improvements we have chosen an ordinary form ot' lantern or lamp globe and a mold suitable for making it, but it should be understood that the mere form or shape ot the globe or protector is in no wise (No model.)

essential to the invention, which can be practiced in connect-ion with any form, pattern, or

size.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part ot' this specitication, Figure l is a perspective View of a mold made in two parts and adapted to receive the lens, which mold is one form that may be employed in carrying out our invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the mold in the posit-ion indicated in Fig. l; and Fig 3 is a similar view, showing the two parts ot' the mold closed together. Fig. 4 is a hori- `zontal section through the mold and the contained chimney or globe with the lens formed thereon in accordance with ourinvention. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a tongsfor pinchers,which maybeemployed forgrasping and locating the lens in the cavity provided for it in the mold; and Fig. 6 is an edge view of one form of lens proposed to be applied upon the globe or chimney. Fig. 7 is a section, and Fig. 8 a plan or face view, ofa modified form of lens, (commonly known as the Fresnel lens,) which maybe applied instead of the plain lens. Fig. 9 is a sectional view and partial elevation of an ordinary form ot' globe or chimney completed in accordance with our invention.

These illustrations, in connection with the following explanations, will be found suficient to enable others skilled in the art to which our improvements pertain to practice and use our invention, and in all the figures of the drawings like letters oi' reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts.

A A are two parts of a glass mold, formed for the purpose of shapingthechimney. These parts are suitably hinged or otherwise connected, so that they can be opened to remove the completed article, and so that when properly closed together they will match in a manner well understood. in the walls ofthe mold, communicating with 'the interior thereof', and one halt in one sec'- tion, the other halt in the opposite section, of

' the mold, as indicated, whichcavity is for the reception of a lens already formed.

B is the lens, which, as will be observed,has an edge so formed that it will be readily encompassed by thc margin ofthe cavity in the mold,and when placed in this cavity be firmly held with its inner face exposed to the interior A cavity, c, is formed IOO of the mold. The lens B is first formed or molded in propersize and shape to correspond with cavity a. While still hot it is grasped by any convenient implement, as the tongs C, which barely touch the' lens at two points on its margin, and is held in proper place in the opening of the mold. The two sections ofthe mold are then quickly closed together, so as to support the lens in the cavity a, the tongs C being withdrawn before the closing is completed, for which purpose they are preferably made of thin metal, so as to take up but little room between the two parts of the mold. As soon as the lens is located and themold closed the glass for the chimney or globe is introduced and blown in the usual manner to fill the mold, and the article completed in a manner well understood. By following this method it will be observedthat the finishing of the globe or chimney upon the lens adds to the thickness of the lens a layer of material equal in thickness to that of the other part of the walls of the article,`preserving an inner face parallel with the original face of the lens, so that if the inner face of the separate lens be made flat, it will still appear so in the completed article. In like manner, ifit be desired to em,

ploya lens with a concave or convexinnerface, the same shape will be preserved after the additional thickness of material is applied. The lens 'being placed in the mold in a highlyheated state, and the material for the mold or chimney immediately blown upon it or against it, a thorough weldingof the parts takes place, leaving no joint or seam between the material of thcglobeorchimney,but bringing the whole out in one homogeneous mass. Aseam orjoint between the part-s would of course destroy the effectiveness of the lens. 'Ihe sectional view Fig. 3 indicates the separate lens as placed in its cavity in the mold, ready to be welded with the material of the globe or chimney; and in Fig. et the section indicates the completed article, wherein the thickness of the lens is increased by an amountof material equal to that of the walls of the article. The sharp edge of the lens, as shown, facilitates its insertion in the cavity of the mold and insures its being firmly held all around when the mold is closed. This edge may be varied in any suitable way, if desired.

Instead of the plain bulls-eyelens, any other form of lens may be applied by properly preparing the mold to receive it.

In Figs. 7 and S We have shown a ribbed or corrugatedlens,intending to indicate thereby that the size and shape of the lens are in no way essential.

lt will appear that to blow or mold a lens upon a globe or chimney, which lens shall be thicker in the center' than at the edges, is

obvious. It enables one to employ theilluminating apparatus for its usual purposes without interference, and at the same time makes a globe or protector by which the light may be concentrated or direct-ed toward 'any point at will.

Of course the invention will be found most serviceable in hand-lanterns or in those intended to be carried about; but, as before eX- plained, the improved article may be applied upon any form of illuminator. When applied upon the shades for house-lamps, particularly upon those having a base of translucent or transparent material and known as baseshades,77 the lens affords means for throwing the light across a room in a powerful manner, and thus adds to the desirable qualities of such shades, as will be readily understood. Ot' course the chimney or globe, &c., may be made up in accordance with our invention of the materials usually employed in the manufacture of similar articles without the addition of the lens.

To apply two or more lenses to one article the mold must be suitably modified to accommodate the increased number.

When the flat-faced lens is to be applied upon a cylindrical-walled article, substantially as shown in Fig. 9, the mold should be so formed as to bring the walls of the article out to the edge of the cavity by any gently-curved surface, as at b. It' the face of the article be flat or plain, as sometimes may occur, then the mold has only to be supplied with a cavity for the lens, as at a. The lens lnight be formed with an inner face curved so as to correspond with the curvature of the walls of the article, in which case the inclined part b need not be provided for.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure b Letters Patent, is-

l. As a new article of manufacture, a lamp chimney or globe composed of glass and formed with a united lens which is ot' a greater thickness than the glass composing the body of the globe, substantially as herein described. I 2. A sectional mold for the manufacture of lamp-chimneys or like articles, having the outlines of the chimney to be formed and provided with a recess, a, in each section of such construction for receiving and retaining the lens to be united, and a space around the lens for the admission of the molten glass Vto the lens in theprocess of forming the chimney, as set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two witnesses.

ARCHIBALD W. PAULL. JOHN F. MILLER.

Witnesses l J oHN BUGKLER, F. W. HANAFORD.

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